Month: April 2022

The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《Characteristic group frequencies of bromo- and iodoalkanes in the cesium bromide region》. Authors are Bentley, F. F.; McDevitt, N. T.; Rozek, Adele L..The article about the compound:1-Iodo-2-methylbutanecas:616-14-8,SMILESS:CCC(CI)C).Computed Properties of C5H11I. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:616-14-8) is conveyed.

The infrared spectra of 74 normal and branched bromo- and iodoalkanes were recorded and studied, 667-286 cm.-1 The number and position of the frequencies characteristic of the C–X stretching vibration are dependent on the rotational isomers present as well as the structure of the alkyl substituents in the vicinity of the C–X group. Conformational structures and representative spectra are presented along with correlation charts which list the C–X stretching vibration for various primary, secondary, and tertiary bromo- and iodoalkanes.

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Reference:
Thiomorpholine – Wikipedia,
Thiomorpholine | C4H9NS – PubChem

The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《Cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytes in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.》. Authors are Wilkerson, L D; Lisak, R P; Zweiman, B.The article about the compound:1-Iodo-2-methylbutanecas:616-14-8,SMILESS:CCC(CI)C).Product Details of 616-14-8. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:616-14-8) is conveyed.

We report characteristics of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis (616+/-148 cells/microliter) that occurred in guinea-pigs with definite clinical experimental allergic encephalomyelitis developing 12 to 16 days after sensitization with homologous myelin basic protein. This pleocytosis was not present in the cerebrospinal fluid of a group of animals studied when still healthy, 9 or 10 days after similar sensitization. Eighty-nine per cent of cells in the CSF pleocytosis were small lymphocytes, 8% were larger lymphocytes and the remainder mostly monocytes. Of the lymphocytes, most were E-rosetting or null cells. B-cell markers were uncommon. The cellular patterns in this CSF pleocytosis appear to be similar to those seen in some delayed hypersensitivity responses.

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Reference:
Thiomorpholine – Wikipedia,
Thiomorpholine | C4H9NS – PubChem

Reference of 1-Iodo-2-methylbutane. The protonation of heteroatoms in aromatic heterocycles can be divided into two categories: lone pairs of electrons are in the aromatic ring conjugated system; and lone pairs of electrons do not participate. Compound: 1-Iodo-2-methylbutane, is researched, Molecular C5H11I, CAS is 616-14-8, about Long-chain syn-1-phenylalkane-1,3-diyl diacetates, related phenylalkane derivatives, and sec-alcohols, all possessing dominantly iso-branched chain termini, and 2/3-methyl-branched fatty acids from Primula veris L. (Primulaceae) wax. Author is Radulovic, Niko S.; Zivkovic Stosic, Milena Z..

Herein, the results of the first study of non-flavonoid constituents of aboveground surface-wax washings of Primula veris L. (Primulaceae) are presented. Chromatog. of the washings yielded a minor fraction composed of n-, iso-, and anteiso-series of long-chained syn-1-phenylalkane-1,3-diyl diacetates, 3-oxo-1-phenylalkan-1-yl acetates, 1-phenylalkane-1,3-diones, 1-hydroxy-1-phenylalkan-3-ones, sec-alcs. (2- to 10-alkanols), and n-, iso-, anteiso-, 2-methylalkanoic and 3-methylalkanoic acids; 118 of these constituents represent up to now unreported natural compounds The structural/stereochem. elucidation was accomplished by the synthesis of authentic standards, derivatization reactions, the use of gas chromatog. retention data and detailed 1D and 2D-NMR analyses of the obtained complex chromatog. fraction. Primula veris produces unusually high amounts of branched long-chained metabolites (>60%) except for the fatty acids where the percentage of branched isomers is comparable to the ones with n-chains. Noteworthy is the fact that long-chained α- and β-Me substituted fatty acids were detected herein for the first time in the kingdom Plantae.

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Reference:
Thiomorpholine – Wikipedia,
Thiomorpholine | C4H9NS – PubChem

The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《Diimidazoles. IV. Derivatives of 4,5-diaminoimidazole and their attempted cyclization》. Authors are Schubert, Hermann; Heydenhauss, Dieter.The article about the compound:1-Methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazol-5-aminecas:4531-54-8,SMILESS:NC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)N=CN1C).Application In Synthesis of 1-Methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazol-5-amine. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:4531-54-8) is conveyed.

The preparation of a series of 1-methyl-4-nitro-5-alkylaminoimidazoles (I) is described. The catalytic hydrogenation of I and of 1-methyl-4-nitro-5-aminoimidazole (Ia) (R = H) (II) yielded unstable diamines which could neither be isolated nor cyclized. Acetylation of II gave the di-Ac derivative (III) of II. I were formylated and acetylated smoothly; hydrogenation of the products yielded stable acyl derivatives of 4,5-diaminoimidazole. (CONHMe)2 with PCl5 gave 40.8% 5-chloro-1-methylimidazole (IV), b15 90°. IV (103 g.), 100 cc. concentrated HNO3, and 400 cc. H2O evaporated, the residue added in portions at 10° to 3 times its weight of concentrated H2SO4, and the mixture heated 2 hrs. on a water bath yielded 122 g. 5-Cl analog (V) of II, m. 149-50°. V (13.2g.)in 3.5%absolute NH3EtOH heated 2 hrs. at 130-40° in a sealed tube yielded 6.3 g. II, m. 303° (decomposition) (H2O). II (5 g.) and 200 cc. Ac2O refluxed about 5 hrs. gave 5.2 g. III, m. 149.5-50.5°. V (1.62 g.) in 25 cc. 7% absolute alc. MeNH2 refluxed 3 hrs. yielded 1.45 g. Ia (R = Me) (VI), m. 156-7° (EtOH). VI (5 g.) in 50 cc. HCO2Ac kept 20 hrs. at room temperature and concentrated yielded 5 g. the N-CHO derivative (VII), m. 142.5-3.5° (EtOH). VI (10 g.) in 200 cc. Ac2O heated 1 hr. at 90-100° gave 8.2 g. the N-Ac derivative (VIII), m. 168-9° (BuOH or dioxane). V (1.62 g.) in 37 cc. 7% absolute alc. EtNH2 refluxed 3 hrs. and refrigerated overnight yielded 1.6 g. Ia (R = Et), m. 161-2° (dioxane). In the same manner were prepared the following Ia (R, m.p., and % yield given): Pr, 114-18° (dioxan-epetr. ether), 92; Bu, 101-6° (dioxane-petr. ether), 61; PhCH2, 132-3° (EtOH), 90. Also prepared was the N-Me derivative of VI, m. 94-5.5° (C6H6-petr. ether), 47% yield. II (0.76 g.) in 30 cc. 85% HCO2H hydrogenated 4 hrs. at 17°/756 mm. over 0.2 g. PtO2 yielded a black-brown oil, which treated with dilute aqueous NaOH liberated NH3. III (0.5 g.) in 45 cc. absolute BuOH hydrogenated 40 min. at 17°/770 mm. over 0.2 g. PtO2, and the resulting oily product in C6H6 treated with the stoichiometric amount picric acid yielded 1-methyl-4-amino-5-(N,N-diacetylamino)imidazole picrate, m. 160-1° (decomposition) (BuOH). The BuOH solution from a duplicate run refluxed 1.5 hrs. under argon gave only a brown, flocculent precipitate Hydrogenation of 0.5 g. VI in H2O, dilute HCl, dry dioxane, AcOH, AcOH-HCl, and Ac2O over 0.2 g. PtO2 gave only oily unstable materials. VII (0.6 g.) in 100 cc. Bu0H hydrogenated 50 min. at 18°/763 mm., and the resulting yellow oil treated in EtOH with picric acid gave the picrate of 1-methyl-4-amino-5-(N-methyl-N-formylamino)imidazole (IX), m. 173-70 (decomposition) (H2O); styphnate m. 177-8.5° (decomposition) (H2O). The BuOH solution of the crude IX refluxed 2 hrs. under argon yielded a brown, flocculent precipitate VIII (2 g.) in 120 cc. BuOH hydrogenated 1 hr. at 20°/755 mm. over 0.4 g. PtO2 yielded 1.4 g. 5-AcMeN analog (X) of IX, m. 165-6° ( PhCl); picrate m. 217-21° (decomposition) (H2O); styphnate m. 196-9° (decomposition) (H2O); HCl salt m. 225-6° (decomposition). All attempted cyclizations of X were unsuccessful. X (0.5 g.) in 3 cc. absolute HCO2H refluxed 1.5 hrs. yielded 0.4 g. 1-methyl-4-formyl-amino-5-(N-methyl-N-acetylamino)imidazole (XI), m. 154-5.5° (absolute EtOH-Et2O). X (2.1 g.) in 15 cc. AcOH refluxed 0.5 hr. yielded 1.47 g. 4-AcNH analog of XI, m. 188.5-9.5° (1:1 dioxane-PhCl); picrate m. 166-9° (EtOH); all attempted cyclizations were unsuccessful.

There is still a lot of research devoted to this compound(SMILES：NC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)N=CN1C)Application In Synthesis of 1-Methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazol-5-amine, and with the development of science, more effects of this compound(4531-54-8) can be discovered.

Reference:
Thiomorpholine – Wikipedia,
Thiomorpholine | C4H9NS – PubChem

Formula: C4H6N4O2. Aromatic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocycles and fused heterocycles. Compound: 1-Methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazol-5-amine, is researched, Molecular C4H6N4O2, CAS is 4531-54-8, about Development of a HPLC-DAD stability-indicating method and compatibility study of azathioprine and folic acid as a prerequisite for a monolayer fixed-dose combination. Author is Brusac, Edvin; Jelicic, Mario-Livio; Amidzic Klaric, Daniela; Nigovic, Biljana; Keser, Sabina; Mornar, Ana.

Adherence in chronic diseases is a major problem which can be combated by prescribing fixed-dose combinations in the therapy of the disease. Thus, a combination of azathioprine and folic acid in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease is highly required, but prior to formulation development, chem. compatibility of the two drugs needs to be investigated. In this work, differential scanning calorimetry, isothermal stress testing, in vitro dissolution and forced degradation studies were utilized to investigate compatibility. Moreover, a stability-indicating HPLC-DAD method for the determination of parent drugs and five of their impurities was developed, validated and applied to the inhouse sample. Compatibility testing revealed no noteworthy interactions of the two drug substances. Furthermore, forced degradation showed no substantial differences between the degradation profiles of each active pharmaceutical ingredient, their mixture and the inhouse sample, further reinforcing the claim of compatibility. Lastly, the inhouse sample was analyzed: it was shown to conform to the requirements of relevant regulatory documents for all the investigated analytes, demonstrating the method’s viability for use in formulation and process development. Our results give way to the possibility of realization of said fixed-dose combination.

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Reference:
Thiomorpholine – Wikipedia,
Thiomorpholine | C4H9NS – PubChem

Recommanded Product: 616-14-8. The fused heterocycle is formed by combining a benzene ring with a single heterocycle, or two or more single heterocycles. Compound: 1-Iodo-2-methylbutane, is researched, Molecular C5H11I, CAS is 616-14-8, about An extension of the linear relationship between molecular rotation and bond refraction. Author is Poh, Bo-Long.

For the empirical equations [M]D = mΣ RD + I; [M]D is the mol. rotation, ΣRD is the sum of bond refractions, and m and I are constants for a given series of compounds, a different treatment of the term ΣRD extends the usefulness of the equation to all types of substituents, not just monovalent and linear substituents.

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Reference:
Thiomorpholine – Wikipedia,
Thiomorpholine | C4H9NS – PubChem

Most of the compounds have physiologically active properties, and their biological properties are often attributed to the heteroatoms contained in their molecules, and most of these heteroatoms also appear in cyclic structures. A Journal, Journal of Chromatography called Preparation of standard mixtures of iodoalkanes by irradiation of iodine solutions in alkanes, Author is Castello, Gianrico; D’Amato, Giuseppina, which mentions a compound: 616-14-8, SMILESS is CCC(CI)C, Molecular C5H11I, Formula: C5H11I.

Mixtures of iodine with pentane, hexane, 3-methylpentane, 2,2-dimethylbutane, 2,3-dimethylbutane, heptane, 2,2-dimethylpentane, 2,4-dimethylpentane, 3,3-dimethylpentane, octane, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane, and 2,2,5-trimethylhexane were subjected to γ-irradiation and the gas chromatog. retention indexes of the resulting iodoalkanes determined

There is still a lot of research devoted to this compound(SMILES：CCC(CI)C)Formula: C5H11I, and with the development of science, more effects of this compound(616-14-8) can be discovered.

Reference:
Thiomorpholine – Wikipedia,
Thiomorpholine | C4H9NS – PubChem

SDS of cas: 616-14-8. The fused heterocycle is formed by combining a benzene ring with a single heterocycle, or two or more single heterocycles. Compound: 1-Iodo-2-methylbutane, is researched, Molecular C5H11I, CAS is 616-14-8, about Phenotype identification of tumor-associated macrophages in mice bearing lung carcinoma. Author is Zhang, Bi-cheng; Yang, Bo; Liu, Jian; Guan, Sha; Rao, Zhi-guo; Gao, Jian-fei.

Objective To identify the phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) in mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC). Methods LLC cells were planted in the dorsal necks of C57BL/6 mice s.c. The levels of Th1/Th2 cytokines in the transplantation tumors were tested by ELISA. Co-expression of CD68/macrophage mannose receptor (MMR) and CD68/inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) of TAM was detected by double-labeled immunofluorescence staining. Phagocytic capacity of TAM was assessed by yeast phagocytosis assay. Results In the mice LLC transplantation tumors, Th2 cytokine shift was found in the microenvironment. The concentrations of IFN-γ and IL-12 were (2.19 ±> 0.34) ng/mL and (1635.92 ±> 754.86) ng/mL in transplantation tumors, lower than (5.49 ±> 1.04) ng/mL and (6161.48 ±>498.49) ng/mL in normal lung tissues (P <0.05). IL-4 and IL-10 were (29.31 ±> 14.47) ng/mL and (21.54 ±> 10.72) ng/mL in transplantation tumors, higher than (16.43 ±>6.31) ng/mL and (10.71 ±>2.02) ng/mL in normal lung tissues (P <0.05). The percentage of CD68/MMR(+) TAM in all the TAM was 69.7%-83.2%, while CD68/iNOS (+) was 16.8%-30.3%. The phagocytic rate and index of the transplantation tumors were (5.42 ±> 1.74)% and 0.08 ±>0.02, much lower than (23.63 ±> 5.81)% and 0.39 ±>0.14 in normal spleen tissues with statistical significance (P <0.01). Conclusion TAM in mice bearing LLC might be polarized to the alternative activation phenotype. There is still a lot of research devoted to this compound(SMILES：CCC(CI)C)SDS of cas: 616-14-8, and with the development of science, more effects of this compound(616-14-8) can be discovered.

Reference:
Thiomorpholine – Wikipedia,
Thiomorpholine | C4H9NS – PubChem

Suwinski, Jerzy; Salwinska, Ewa; Watras, Jan; Widel, Maria published the article 《Nitroimidazoles. VI. Partition coefficients and tautomerism of simple nitroimidazoles》. Keywords: nitroimidazole derivative partition coefficient tautomerism.They researched the compound: 1-Methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazol-5-amine( cas:4531-54-8 ).Computed Properties of C4H6N4O2. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocyclic and fused heterocyclic. In addition, there is a lot of other information about this compound (cas:4531-54-8) here.

Octanol-water partition coefficients (P) were determined for 42 simple nitroimidazoles with Me, Cl, Br, MeO, NH2, and NO2 substituents. Correlation between log P and the substituent constants πX of Hansch and fX of Nys-Rekker was derived. For the N-methylated compounds, the average value of πN-CH3 was calculated to be -0.30. Significance of log P measurement in estimating the tautomeric equilibrium in 4(5)-nitroimidazoles is discussed in detail.

There is still a lot of research devoted to this compound(SMILES：NC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)N=CN1C)Computed Properties of C4H6N4O2, and with the development of science, more effects of this compound(4531-54-8) can be discovered.

Reference:
Thiomorpholine – Wikipedia,
Thiomorpholine | C4H9NS – PubChem

Reference of 1-Iodo-2-methylbutane. The fused heterocycle is formed by combining a benzene ring with a single heterocycle, or two or more single heterocycles. Compound: 1-Iodo-2-methylbutane, is researched, Molecular C5H11I, CAS is 616-14-8, about Two Distinct Thermal Stabilities of DNA and Enzymatic Activities of DNase I in a Multistep Assembly with Carbazole Ligands: Different Binding Characteristics for Duplex and Quadruplex DNA. Author is Inukai, Norie; Kawai, Tsuyoshi; Yuasa, Junpei.

A partially hydrophobic carbazole ligand ((Im+)2Cz: 2,2′-(9-ethyl-9 H-carbazole-3,6-diyl)bis(ethyne-2,1-diyl)bis(1,3-dimethyl-1 H-imidazol-3-ium)) adopts two different binding states (binding states I and II) in its interactions with calf-thymus (ct-) DNA. Two distinct binding states were identified by biphasic UV/Vis and CD spectral changes during the titration of DNA into the carbazole ligand. At low concentrations of ct-DNA, (Im+)2Cz binds to nearly every part of ct-DNA (binding state I). By contrast, an increased concentration of ct-DNA results in a switch in the DNA-binding state, so that the ligands are bound per five DNA base pairs. Similarly, a monocationic carbazole ligand (Im+Cz: 2-((6-bromo-9-ethyl-9 H-carbazol-3-yl)ethynyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1 H-imidazol-3-ium) also shows biphasic UV/Vis spectral changes during the titration of ct-DNA into Im+Cz, which suggests two different binding states of the Im+Cz ligand with ct-DNA. The stepwise equilibrium of the ligand-DNA-complex formation is capable of switching the thermal stability of ct-DNA, as well as the enzymic activity of DNase (DNase I). In binding state I, the (Im+)2Cz ligands interact with nearly every base pair in ct-DNA and stabilize the double-helix structure, which results in a larger increase in the melting temperature of the ct-DNA than that observed with binding state II. On the other hand, the (Im+)2Cz ligand significantly reduces the enzymic activity of DNase I in binding state I, although the enzymic activity is recovered once the binding state of the ligand-DNA complex is changed to binding state II. The (Im+)2Cz ligand was also employed as a binder for G-quadruplex DNA. In contrast to the stepwise complex formation between (Im+)2Cz and ct-DNA, (Im+)2Cz shows a monotonous UV/Vis spectral response during the titration of G-quadruplex DNA into (Im+)2Cz, which suggests a single binding state for (Im+)2Cz with G-quadruplex DNA.

There is still a lot of research devoted to this compound(SMILES：CCC(CI)C)Reference of 1-Iodo-2-methylbutane, and with the development of science, more effects of this compound(616-14-8) can be discovered.

Reference:
Thiomorpholine – Wikipedia,
Thiomorpholine | C4H9NS – PubChem